The rivalry between top imperialists keeps getting sharper. This intensifying struggle pressures all local ruling classes and leads various factions to more openly fight it out. One clear example is the May 9 move by U.S. President Donald Trump to dump the Iran nuclear deal and escalate economic sanctions against the struggling country. Trump’s move reflects competing strategies within the U.S. ruling class, which is split into two camps: the dominant multilateralist wing versus a more domestic-oriented, isolationist wing.
In recent years, going back to the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s, the multilateral imperialist U.S. strategy has been to keep control over Middle East oil by playing regional powers off against one another and limiting any one country’s influence. The Iran nuclear deal of 2015, in accord with Europe, Russia, and China, was designed  to keep Iran relatively stable by relieving economic sanctions.
This year, Trump replaced main wing ruling-class figures Rex Tillerson and H.R. McMaster with Mike Pompeo and John Bolton as Secretary of State and national security adviser, respectively. Pompeo, the former CIA director and a darling of the Koch brothers, the domestic-oriented wing’s chief funders, and Bolton, a George W. Bush-era war hawk, now have Trump’s ear. Both have been vocal opponents of the Iran nuclear deal.
Trump’s decision to pull out of the deal is an apparent move toward provoking regime change in Tehran. Iran has long supported rebel groups and factions that threaten the interests of U.S. allies Saudi Arabia and Israel. Iran backs Houthi rebels fighting Saudi Arabia in Yemen, along with Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon, both constant threats to Israeli borders. In addition, Iran has significant influence in Iraq.
Trump and Co. willing to brush off EU
Trump’s withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal was sharply rebuked by foes and allies alike. The European Union has much to lose if the deal falls apart. Overall, the EU is Iran’s number-one trading partner, with trade soaring from $9.2 billion (U.S.) in 2015 to $25 billion in 2017 (Guardian, 3/25). Germany has gone so far as to announce that it would stay in the deal in defiance of the U.S..
It’s apparent that the U.S. bosses influencing Trump are comfortable with alienating traditional, post-WWII European allies and doubling down on Saudi Arabia and Israel. Emboldened by the U.S. withdrawal, Israel may decide that now is the moment to take on Hezbollah, the Iran proxy that has previously achieved some success against Israeli forces. In 2000, Hezbollah forced Israeli troops to withdraw from southern Lebanon; in 2006, it blunted Israel’s offensive there. Now the militant group is expanding into Syria (Council on Foreign Relations, 03/18).
Israel wants to stop three things: advanced weaponry reaching Hezbollah in Lebanon;, the Syrian civil war spilling into the Israel-occupied Golan Heights; and Iran militarily entrenching itself on its northern frontier. In this carpe diem moment, by widening the scope of its airstrikes against Iranian and Hezbollah targets in Syria, Israel is deliberately challenging Iran (Stratfor, 05/2018).
Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia has been ratcheting up its own tensions with its main regional rival. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman “warned that the battle for influence over the Middle East ought to take place ‘inside Iran’” (CFR, 03/2018). It’s important to point out that the U.S. is an active backer of the three-year, Saudi-led bombing campaign against Iran-backed Houthi rebels in Yemen, a proxy war that has slaughtered thousands of civilians, wounded tens of thousands more, “created the world’s largest food security emergency, and led to a cholera outbreak….” (bbc.com, 11/1/17).  
Russian, Chinese bosses making inroads
In response, Iran has increasingly turned to China and Russia, which re-entered the region in 2015 on behalf of its ally in Syria, President Bashar al-Assad, and has emerged as a decisive factor in that country’s brutal civil war. As detailed in the March issue of Foreign Affairs:
Russia could not have made these gains without Iran. Iranian ground presence gave Russia its victory in Syria. And in Afghanistan, Central Asia, and the Caucasus, Iran and Russia have worked together closely to counter U.S. influence….Iran sits at an important geographic location and is an
energy-rich country of 80 million people, with a network of allies and clients that spans the Middle East—all outside the United States’ sphere of influence.
China, one of the biggest buyers of Iranian crude oil, has signaled that it intends to continue trading with Iran: “By driving away American, European and Japanese companies, sanctions could increase opportunities for Chinese businesses,” said Hu Xingdou, an economist at the Beijing Institute of Technology (Agence France-Presse 3/18).
Chinese businesses involved in Iranian development are worth at least $33 billion, with many of them connected to China’s massive One Belt, One Road global infrastructure initiative. Beijing is seeking a leading stake in developing a Iranian gas field project as well, “with state-owned oil company CNPC set to replace Total if the French energy behemoth withdraws from the project over U.S. sanctions” (AFP, 5/18).
Lose-lose proposition for U.S. rulers
After disastrous imperialist interventions in Iraq and Afghanistan, the U.S. ruling class has been trying to lower its military profile in the Middle East. The main wing needs to keep its powder dry to prepare for an eventual big-power showdown with ascendant imperialist rivals China and Russia. The domestic wing, meanwhile, is strenuously opposed to paying higher taxes for a ground war in the Middle East. They want to defend their interests on the cheap, with a nuclear deterrence strategy.
The bosses’ problem is that neither wing’s strategy can address their fundamental problem, a relative decline as the leading imperialist superpower. The U.S. is losing influence and control in the Middle East, and will continue to lose regardless of the Iran deal. The post-World War II liberal world order just isn’t what it used to be.
Workers in Iran must rise again with PLP
Despite recent government crackdowns and the reinstitution of U.S.-led sanctions, workers in Iran have a rich history of fighting back against fascist exploitation. In the 1970s, workers organized against the CIA-backed Shah; more recently, they have mounted a militant fightback against the fascist fundamentalist regime.
As the Trump regime tries to sway Iranian workers to join a movement for regime change, these workers must look to the lessons of the co-opted Arab Spring movements, which wound up replacing one set of U.S.-backed puppets for another. Only a communist revolution, led by the Progressive Labor Party, can destroy capitalism and serve workers’ needs.

TEXAS, May 30—In the San Antonio Independent School District (SAISD), over 60 layoffs were recently announced. SAISD has 91 percent Latin and 75 percent “at risk” students. Teachers are targeted based on claims of low performance evaluations—including seven teachers in the district’s historically Black high school. A letter written by an SAISD assistant principal exposed how district bosses forced principals to create lists of teachers to target and then ordered them to give teachers poor evaluations to justify mass layoffs.
Across Texas, school boards in major cities have announced mass layoffs. Schools face massive reduction in enrollment and as a result millions of dollars in budget cuts due to the loss of state and federal funds. In Houston, administrators announced a $115 million budget cut and the layoff of over 200 district employees.
Last year there was 100 percent teacher turnover in several middle schools as Texas state administrators seized control of school boards in smaller, poorer districts. The schools under attack educate mainly the lowest income working-class Latin and Black children.
Inequality under capitalism guarantees that these students will face a future of the highest unemployment rate and lowest wages. U.S. capitalism superexploits Black, Latin, and Asian workers and uses high unemployment to keep white workers’ wages lower, with the threat that they can be replaced easily if they don’t keep their mouths shut and take what they can get.
These cuts are connected to charter school chains—KIPP, IDEA Academy, Great Heart, Energized for Excellence Inc.—pulling students out of neighborhood schools. In addition, charters are being hired to take over schools in the working class neighborhoods in San Antonio and Houston. The SAISD’s recent hiring of a charter chain, Democracy Prep, to take over a local school, was met with outrage by teachers and their unions. Charters aren’t better for teachers, either—teachers at charter schools are also being screwed, often receiving half the pay of public school teachers.
Profit system hurts students the most
When public school funds are cut by the state, every student suffers. Although some families support this effort because they’ve been convinced they might get a slightly better education for their kids, the big picture is that there is a movement amongst the ruling class to kill off sections of public education because it costs too much to educate kids who will be underpaid in unskilled jobs or face unemployment, and to lower working-class youth’s expectations of their future.
The current attacks are only the most recent phase of a more general attack on the state’s public schools that has been occurring for several years. In 2010, Progressive Labor Party stood with parents and prevented the closing of several SAISD schools. Eight years later, though, many of those same schools are under attack. These attacks on public schools are intensifying because to stay competitive, U.S. businesses must raise profits. Lower pay and higher unemployment of workers is inevitable.
Students, parents, teachers denounce layoffs
In Houston, parents, students, and teachers are united to confront the school board. At an April board meeting, they angrily demanded that the board stop the charter school takeover, wearing shirts that read “Save Our Black and Brown HISD Schools.” They boldly called out the Black liberal board president for her complicity in carrying out the state’s racist plans. Outnumbered and afraid, the board revealed their fascism, forcibly removing and arresting two parents who went over their allotted speaking time, and then ordering police to clear the room. Because of the mass resistance to the board’s plans and outrage following the arrests, the board has since backed off their charter plan, but are still moving forward with hundreds of layoffs.
At this month’s SAISD board meeting, over 300 teachers and parents turned out to denounce teacher layoffs. The protest was so large that it spilled into the hallway, and outside the building. Many teachers being targeted with layoffs bravely spoke out and exposed the hypocrisy of a school board that gets rid of its best, most dedicated teachers. Even teachers with over 30 years of experience who have been honored in the past for their achievements were on the chopping block. Parents stood in unity, erupting with the chant, “Save Our Teachers!”
Working class unity creates potential for revolution
Members of PLP discussed the recent teacher strikes around the country with the teachers in the crowd. Some agreed that a strike in Texas could have put them in a stronger position. The struggles over the past two months have made it clear that all workers must unite to fight the bosses. Emmanuel Macron, France’s president, and Angela Merkel, Germany’s Chancellor, have instituted similar attacks on civil service workers, teachers, airline employees and many others, all intensifying in the last few months. These attacks are being met with street protests, and as in West Virginia, Arizona, and Kentucky, by wildcat strikes of school teachers. The parents and teachers in these schools are leading the way and PLP is working to deepen our base in these areas of growing struggle.
We must explain to workers and students how the daily, systemic attacks against the working class inherent in the capitalist system are just as violent as any mass shooting. The anger and energy of the working class around mass layoffs and cuts shows that in a period of increasing crisis, there is increasing potential to grow and build a movement for communism.

WASHINGTON DC, May 29—As the semester ended at Howard University, students, triumphant from the nine-day occupation by 450 students of the administration building, headed for home. The students understand that they must remain vigilant and engaged to ensure accountability to the commitments made by the administration.
As one member of the student group Howard University Resist said, “We’ll all be here next year, and the administration building is in the same place, if things don’t go our way.”
With summer break here, we can begin to evaluate this past semester’s action in terms of its outcomes and strategies.
Here is a summary of the modest concessions from the administration: 

• On overcrowding: A later date for applying for housing was set, and the university agreed to keep open one of the dorms originally slated for renovation if demand for housing exceeded the remaining supply.
• On tuition: The administration also committed to keep tuition constant through the 2019-20 school year and to fund a community food pantry initiated by HU Resist for the coming school year.
• The administration also agreed to begin providing transportation for sexual assault victims to the local hospital that handles rape kits and to provide students a voice in selecting a student ombudsperson.
• The administration agreed to establish several committees and task forces including students as co-leaders to address other issues.

Task forces were established to:

• Review the campus police’s use of force, training and the need for armed officers
• Enhance psychiatric and behavioral health services
• Establish a grievance system that holds faculty, administrators and students accountable in their language and actions
• Consider implementing a mandatory one-credit course with a curriculum around prevention of sexual assault, sexual harassment and interpersonal violence.

Assessment of the struggle
HU Resist was born in the Spring of 2017 in opposition to the secret visit of Education Secretary Betsy DeVos to the campus. It led the bold seizure of the administration building (see CHALLENGE, 4/18) and held it for nine days after locking out the campus police. The leading HU Resist members engaged in negotiations with the Board of Trustees throughout the occupation, while President Wayne A. I. Frederick refused to meet with the students. His resignation/firing was the leading demand of the protest.
The occupying students received ongoing support from faculty, community members, veterans of previous occupations (from 1968 and 1989), and students from several area universities. They created an egalitarian and sharing environment in the building and conducted political education and other creative activities during the occupation. One student described it as a “microcosm of communism.” Ultimately, they retreated from their key demands, of firing the president and disarming the campus police, and left the building peacefully with both legal and academic amnesty provided by the administration.
One HU Resister said that they had to come to terms because they were beginning to lose people from the administration building. Another said that the idea of upping the ante in the struggle by sending groups of resisting students to shut down classes and establish a full strike on the campus--classroom activity generally continued uninterrupted—was not likely to be effective. Another resister said that the decision to leave the building was premature, and had the leadership been more decisive and followed the organizational principles of democratic centralism, the struggle could have been extended and become even more successful, perhaps ousting the president.
The dominant ideas within HU Resist are Black nationalist in sentiment, a weakness in welding together the unshakeable solidarity of the working class and its allies. Such ideology also tends to limit one’s understanding of the role of Black institutions like Howard University, leading to the incorrect idea that with enough struggle and “student power,” Howard could become a vehicle for revolutionary change.
Howard is a capitalist institution whose purpose is to support capitalism and mislead its students into supporting the system while accommodating modest, temporary reforms. Its Board of Trustees is filled with corporate executives and other pro-capitalist forces.
On the other hand, many HU Resisters consider themselves communists and anti-capitalists, and the potential exists for communist ideas to take root and grow!
The way forward
PLP members supported the occupation in several ways. A PLP member brought a group of labor activists to the occupation after a demonstration against Wendy’s fast food restaurant. Another worked to gain support from faculty in the form of a letter of support ultimately signed by 75 faculty members. Other PL’ers provided food to the occupiers.
PLP salutes the boldness and the courage of the Howard University students who took the fight into occupation of the administrative building. HU Resist members, and students fighting back against racism and sexism worldwide, must take this struggle to the next level and join PLP, and become members of an international revolutionary communist party. That means acting locally—by immersing once again into uniting the day-to-day struggles of campus workers and students—while thinking globally and organizing a movement to destroy this system once and for all. Join us!

Mexico—To celebrate International Working Women’s Day, PLP attended a conference on violence against women. It took place at a kindergarten in an industrial area where Progressive Labor Party has done political work for three decades, and where we are well known as organizers. The school’s principal sent out the invitations after a woman was killed nearby.
She invited the mothers of school families to the conference, which focused on fighting sexism.  About 50 young mothers between the ages of 20 and 25 attended.
During the meetings we spoke about the Party document: “Communism and the Struggle Against Sexism”, which notes that the key to ending violence against women is to struggle against capitalism. The other main discussion was around the book: Caliban and the Witch in which the writer Silvia Federici speaks about the division of labor between women and men in child rearing and earning wages. The discussions were well received by the women workers in attendance. While the questions asked were fairly timid, the women seemed to seriously identify with the Party’s explanation of how sexism functions under capitalism.
At the end, the principal invited us back for future talks, and issues of Challenge were distributed along with Road to Revolution IV and Communism and the Struggle Against Sexism.
It is important that all women and men to start organizing to defend themselves against the violence directed against women workers because it is an instrument of capitalism that terrorizes, and super-exploits this section of our class. The responsibility to change this unequal society lies in our hands. We must reeducate youth and workers to care for each other and see each other as true class sisters and brothers. This will guarantee that all families understand we must change this society for one that serves the interests of our class and not the interests of the rich. It is the ruling class that is guilty of all the violence, discrimination, murders, kidnappings, sexual assaults and super exploitation of women workers.
Join the international communist PLP and fight for an egalitarian society. Let’s get rid of capitalism and the traitorous rulers that are guilty of so much violence, unemployment, hunger and misery in Mexico and worldwide. Long live  communism!